- AMERICAN EAGLE PLANES FOR X PLANE 11 MAC OS X
- AMERICAN EAGLE PLANES FOR X PLANE 11 SOFTWARE
- AMERICAN EAGLE PLANES FOR X PLANE 11 SIMULATOR
The ultrasonic wave velocities were measured during the loading to quantify their change with the stress-induced damage. We found that the highest damage variable of the damage tensor was \(D_\)C for 48 h prior to testing and then weighed. In addition, the experimental data are further analysed using continuum damage mechanics to identify the evolution of the general fourth order anisotropic damage tensor during loading. In contrast the sandstone sample failed along a shear plane inclined to the bedding plane. However for the more anisotropic shale sample the main failure mode was splitting of the bedding planes. Our results show that the two transverse isotropic samples retained their transverse isotropy in the initial stages of loading/damage. Based on symmetry considerations we analyse whether this load and the resulting stress-induced damage preserve the original transverse isotropy of the rock prior to loading, or lead to orthotropy (orthorhombic symmetry). We report here the impact on elastic symmetry and anisotropy of a uniaxial load applied parallel to the bedding plane of the transversely isotropic shale and sandstone samples. During deformation, an array of ultrasonic P- and S-wave transducers were employed to monitor the evolution of the ultrasonic velocities up to and beyond sample failure.
Both samples were loaded along their bedding planes at a constant strain rate up to mechanical failure. Two independent uniaxial deformation experiments on two layered and natural geomaterials, a shale and a sandstone, support this analysis.
AMERICAN EAGLE PLANES FOR X PLANE 11 SIMULATOR
However, as the flight model is refined, the simulator can better resemble real-world performance, and aircraft quirks and design flaws.In this article we explore the change in elastic symmetry and anisotropy of two geological materials with stress-induced damage. Famous real-world aircraft modeled in X-Plane include the V-22 Osprey, the Harrier Jump Jet, the NASA Space Shuttle, and Scaled Composites SpaceShipOne.īlade element theory has shortcomings, as it can sometimes be difficult to design an aircraft that performs precisely as would real-world aircraft. X-Plane can model fairly complex aircraft designs, including helicopters, rockets, rotor craft and tilt-rotor craft. This approach allows users to design aircraft on their computer quickly and easily, as the simulator engine will show immediately how an aircraft with a given design might perform in the real world.
When this process is applied to each component, the simulated aircraft will fly virtually like its real counterpart does. With Blade-element theory, a wing, for example, may be made up of many sections (1 to 4 is typical), and each section is further divided into as many as 10 separate sections, then the lift and drag of each section is calculated, and the resulting effect is applied to the whole aircraft. Blade-element theory and other computational aerodynamic models can be used to compute aerodynamic forces in real time or to pre-compute aerodynamic forces of a new design for later use in a traditional lookup table type of simulator. It is a way of modeling the forces and moments on an aircraft by individually evaluating the parts that constitute it. These simulators do a good job of simulating the flight characteristics of the aircraft they were designed to simulate (those with known aerodynamic data), but are not useful in design work, and do not predict the performance of aircraft when the actual figures are not available.īlade-element theory is one method of improving on this. Traditionally, flight simulators try to emulate the real-world performance of an aircraft by using lookup tables to find known aerodynamic forces such as lift or drag, which vary with flight condition. X-Plane differentiates itself by implementing an aerodynamic model known as blade element theory. Switching the planet to Mars is an option that comes with the game, and although the air is thin, flight is possible. It allows flight from -70 degrees south to 74 degrees north. It is the best-selling commercial jet airliner and has been in continuous production since 1967. It has 10 variants that can carry 85 to 215 passengers. It comes with five scenery disks, and one with scenery and the actual simulator. This aircraft in the X-Plane 10 mobile app is a narrow-bodied, short- to medium-range airliner.
AMERICAN EAGLE PLANES FOR X PLANE 11 SOFTWARE
X-Plane also has a plugin architecture that allows users to create their own modules and aircraft, extending the functionality of the software by letting users create their own worlds or replicas of places on earth. X-Plane is packaged with other software to build and customize aircraft and scenery, offering a complete flight simulation environment.
AMERICAN EAGLE PLANES FOR X PLANE 11 MAC OS X
X-Plane is a flight simulator for Linux, Mac OS X and Windows by Laminar Research.
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